How is an average calculated?
Arithmetic mean is the sum of all values divided by the number of values. Weighted mean is the sum of each value multiplied by its weight, divided by the total weight.
Arithmetic mean = Ξ£x / n
Weighted mean = Ξ£(x Γ w) / Ξ£w
Standard deviation and variance treat the entered list as the entire population and therefore use population formulas. This calculator does not report sample standard deviation (nβ1).
Quartiles and outlier screening
In arithmetic mode, Q1 and Q3 use (nβ1) Γ q linear interpolation on sorted values. In weighted mode, the median and quartiles are the first sorted values at which the 25%, 50% and 75% cumulative-weight thresholds are reached.
When there are at least four values in arithmetic mode or four rows in weighted mode, the 1.5 Γ IQR rule is applied. Values outside the fences are flagged as possible outliers. A flag is a screening signal, not a context-free conclusion that the value is wrong.